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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. A. YEADON & R. MIDDLETON.

PBAT MACHINE.

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(No Model.) I 6 SheetsSheet 3.

J. A. YEADON & R. MIDDLETON.

PEAT MACHINE.

No. 392,770. Patented Nov. '13, 1888.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. A. YEADON & R. MIDDLETON.

PHAT MACHINE.

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6 Sheets-Sheet 5. J. A. YEADON 81.- R. MIDDLETON. PHAT MACHINE.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

J. A. YEADON 85 R. MIDDLETON.-.

PEAT MACHINE.

NI'IE STATES JOHN ARTHUR YEADON AND ROBERT MIDDLETON, OF LEEDS, COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO SAID ROBERT MIDDLETON.

PEATHVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,7?0, dated November 13, 1888.

Application filed January 17, 1887. Serial No. 221,650. (No model.) Patented in England March 26, 1884. No. 5,473, October 30, 1865, Nos. 13,064 and 13,007, March 4, 1886, No. 3,057,. and March 13, 1886, No. 3,581.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, J GEN AETnUR YEA- DON and ROBERT MIDDLETON, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing, JOHN ARTHUR YEADON, at Albion Place, Leeds, in the county of York, England, and ROBERT MIDDLETON, at Sheepscar Foundry, Leeds, aforesaid, have invented certain new and useful improvements in machinery [O for forming blocks or briquettes of fuel or materials for smelting or for analogous purposes, (for which ROBERT MIDDLETON has obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 5,473, dated March 26, 1884, and for which we have I 5 jointly obtained patents in Great Britain, Nos. 13,064 and 13,067, dated October 30, 1885, and have made applications, No. 3,057, on the 4th March, 1886, and No. 3,581,011 the 13th March, 1886,) of which the following is a specification. The object of our invention is to provide machi nery for manufacturing economically blocks or briquettes of materials for fuel or forsmelting or other purposes, which blocks or briquettes are coherent and not liable to be readily broken and wasted; and our invention affords a ready means of utilizing small coal or coke or small particles of other combustible materials, and,

small or dust-like ores, fluxes, or kindred substances which might be more or less unsuitable for use in that state by forming them into blocks or briquettes, as hereinafter described. Cohesive material must be used in combination with the materials to be formed into blocks or briquettes, unless the materials em- 5 ployed or some of them possess a binding quality.

In order to properly explain our invention, we have annexed hereto drawings, with reference to which we will explain our invention.

0 The same letters refer to the same parts throughout the whole of the drawings, and the arrows denote the-directions of movement of the revolving parts.

Figure I of the accompanying drawings is 5 a front end elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention. Fig. II is a plan; Fig. III, a longitudinal section through the charging-ram, and Fig. III is a correspondiug end view of the crank and slotted lever for giving motion to this ram which charges the molds with material. Fig. IV is a side eleva tion of the mechanism for compressing the ma terial in the molds, and Fig. IV is an end view showing the construction of the compound lever for operating the dies. Fig. V is aside elevation of the mechanism for expelling the finished blocks from the mold-plate, and also of the mechanism for imparting an intermittent motion thereto. Fig. V" is a corresponding end view of the cams and their lever for effecting the expulsion of the blocks from the molds. Fig. V is a perspective View of a finished block. Fig. 'V is a sectional view of one of the pressing-dies, and Fig. VI is a view illustrating diagrammatically the various motions of the machine.

A supply of the materials to be formed into blocks or briquettes (mixed with the proper proportions of pitch or other binding substance, if needed) is fed into the vertical heater A, Fig. I, the position of which is shown in broken lines in Fig. II.

In the heater A,which is heated by any convenient means and has a vertical shaft (carrying knives and mixers) driven by any suitable overhead shafting, the ingredients are thoroughly mixed and heated to a point at which the pitch or other binding substance (if such be used) best and most economically intermixes with the materials. From A the hot material is led through a door at the foot (which may be adjusted as desired) into a spout, A, and from thence into the pug-mill B. The pugmill and charging-box B (Whose shaft is worked by any suitable overhead gearing) has a double duty to perform. First, it has to deal with the mixture cooled down to a condition suitable for molding and to keep it in that condition, and, secondly, it has to charge the mixture into each successive mold 0 in the revolving Vertical mold-plate D. The vertical shaft of the pug-mill B is provided with agitators and knives b, Fig. III, to keep the mixture in condition suitable for molding.

Fig. III shows the action of the charging-ram 5 O,which, by means of a crank-pin, O, of the shaft N, working in a slotted link, 0 has a quick-return motion. The connection between the link and the charging-ram is fitted with a yielding spring, 0. If any obstrucrco LJI tion occurs the spring yields and the rod (1 simply works forward through the swivelingpin 0 into the interior of the ram and no damage is done. By means of the nuts 0 near the link O additional compression can be put on the spring, if required. The lowest knife, I), is arranged to keep the material well filled into the rain-box B. The revolutions of the shaft N and the movements of the revolving mold plate D (which is shown with eight molds) are geared so that each forward movement of the charging-ram Ciills the mold then in position and presses the material thereinto with. the degree of force arranged by the strength and adjustment of the spring 0'.

D is a plate for receiving the thrust of and stopping the newly'charged material. In case the material,wl1ile passing from the heater A to the pug-mill B, does not become sufficiently cool,we direct a blast of cold air into the spout A from a fan or other available source.

Following the material now charged into the mold-plate, (see Fig. 1,) it will be seen that four successive movements of this plate (see arrow) (during which time further cooling is going on) will bring it in line with and ready to be acted upon by the double pressing and cupping motion. From Fig. IV it will be seen that the shaft N, (the same that drives the charging-ram O,) rotating in the direction shown by the arrow,has a crank-pin fixed into an inner spur-plate wheel, M. This crankpin is connected to the tail end of the compound double acting pendulum lever F through the medium of the yielding connecting-rod E, which is provided with spiral.

springs E,interposed between the two parts 0.!

the connecting-rod and adjusting-nuts E to permit of the adjustment of the tension of the springs and of the length of the connectingrod. This compound double-acting lever pivots in the bearing F,across which it spans and by means of the two crank-pins or their equivalents and their adjustable rods F and F", which may have further yielding springs, if desired, engages with the upper ends of the two pressing-ram levers G and G. These levers have their respective fulera at their-feet G and G, and a little higher up they engage with the two pressing-rams which terminate in the on pping-dies II and 11. These rams,which work through and are prevented from twisting out of line by their respective guide-blocks II and ll", have short links IT. and lil yattaching them to the pressing-ram levers G and G, by which they are drawn back after each inward stroke. The action of this arrangement will now be easily understood. As the crank-pin revolves round N a rocking motion is given to the coni pound pendulum-lever F, whiehin turn draws and repels the two pressing-ram levers G and G and their dies II and II. The object of the long yielding springs E in the connecting-rod is to allow a sufficient amount of play if a mishap occurs. They also allow the pressure on the blocks to be regulated, as desired. The

dies II ll enter the mold-platesimultaueously and may be made to give the requisite nip by the adjusting-rods F and F An advantage arises in practice from simultaneous double pressing (owing probably to the friction of the pressed material against the sides of the molds) in that a harder surface is obtained on the blocks, which is a very material benefit, and such double pressing is found to be essential to the proper making of blocks according to our invention. At the point where the dies H H enter the mold-plate and the pressing commences the connecting-rod E is in the best position for transmitting the pull to the pendulum-lever F, as shown on the drawings, and another advantage in this arrangementis that theslowest motion is transmitted by thecrankpin during the whole time in which the bri quettc is under pressure, thus giving time for air to escape therefrom.

The effect of spanning the bearing F with the compound double-acting pendulum-lever F is a great improvement in distributing the strain to the two pressing ranrlevers without putting any undue work on the shaft F.

The face of each die is cupped, and as the corners of the molds in the mold-plate are similarly cu rved the result of the double cupping and double pressing is a well-pressed solid block or briquette of the shape shown in perspective in Fig. V. Other shapes, even spheres, may be thus made.

Although with this machine a superior square-cornered briquette may be made, yet we look upon the shape of these rounded blocks as a very great improvement, as not only are they better to handle,butin such handling and in transit they are not liable to readily break, and there is practically no waste. Although we show the corners rounded, a modification might be made by beveling them off; but we prefer the rounded edges. Fig. V showsholes which may be drilled in the cupping-die to allow air or vapor to escape from the material when it is under pressure. For clearing-out purposes these holes are of a larger diameter at the parts away from thepressing-face. Iteverting to'the briquette in course of formation, and which we have followed round in the revolving mold plate as far as the double pressing and cupping dies, two more move ments of the vertical mold-plate bring it to the top position opposite to the expcllinggear and level with the receiving-plate. Fig. Vis a side elevation of this motion and shows the expelled. briqnette resting on the receivingtable 1i and the expelling-ram K drawn back out of the way, it having completed its backstroke. l) is the vertical mold-plate turning on its bearings D and D The peculiarity of this expelling motion is that it is worked by two cams, 1C and K, arranged side by side on the shaft N, having a strap, K K, encircling the shaft and the cam K through its entire range, but leaving the other cam, K", free to revolve in the upper part of its path. The

ICC

lower member, K, however, of the strap projects sufiiciently to cause the cam K to act jecting under the cam K".

It will thus be seen how by this arrangement the briquette can be expelled and the :ram brought back with a positive motion without the use of springs or their equivalent and then allowed to remain at rest until again acted upon by the cam K. The expelling-ram is guided at 1C and is connected by a rod, K to the bell-crank lever K, which is incorporated with the cam-strap K K and having its fulcrum at 1C.

The machine may be driven from any suitable prime'mover by a strap passing around the pulley M, mounted on the fly-wheel shaft M, Fig. Ii, at the farther end of which is a disk M", to which the flywheel M (which is not keyed to the shaft-,) is bolted tightly up by means of a bolt, L, preferably of copper, a collar being provided on the off side of the fly-wheel to maintain it on the shaft should the bolt L shear, in which case the fly-wheel will run its energy away without causing any damage. The size or strength of the bolt L should be so arranged that in the event of any serious sudden stoppage the momentum of the fly-wheel will cause it to shear the bolt and liberate itself, and thus prevent further damage. It will thus be seen that the full benefit of the momentum of the fly-wheel is obtained in ordinary working and that with little or no danger in case of a sudden stoppage occurring. At the other end of this lily-wheel shaft M is a pinion, M, gearing into an inner spur-plate wheel, M, mounted on the before-mentioned shaft N. An eccentric, N, on this latter shaft, acting through a bell'crank lever, N FigV,

, mounted on the shaft F of the compound pendulum-lever ll, actuates a pawtand-ratchet wheel, N, mounted on the shaft of the Vertiea-l mold-plate D and gives the requisite rotatory movements to the latter. On this second motion shaft N, Fig. II, and next to the cocentric N is the double-cam arrangement, hereinbefore described, for the expelling motion, and next to this is the overhung crankplate C with its pin,which actuates the charging-rain. Beyond this again is another crank, o, engaged by the same crank-pin, and at the extremity of its shaft is a tappet, O, which,

' as itrevolves, depresses oneend of a lever,O-,

which has its fulcrum at O" and engages at its opposite end one arm, 0', of a bell-crank lever, which maybe held down by a weight. The

other arm, O, of this bell-crank lever engages a sliding stop, 0, which enters, when released by the tappet 0, one of a series of indentations provided in the periphery of the revolving mold-plate. The weight on the arm 0 serves the double purpose oi'kceping the stop 0 up to its work and also the lever O in con tact with the tappet 0.

As the number of teeth in the ratehet-wheel N corresponds to the number of molds in the mold-plate D, so that as one revolution of the shaft N brings about the requisite movement in the mold-plate from opening to opening, it follows that all the other movements, emanating, as they do, from this shaft N,will be timed, as required. In Fig. VI diagrammatic outlines of the most important motions are laid down in their relative positions, (the positions being the same as those on the details, the pressing-dies being on the point of entering the vertical inoldplate.)

Of course it will be understood that all the actions are going on at the same time in their proper order, and that every movement of the vertical mold-plate from mold to mold is ac companied or followed by all these other actions.

Although we have described the motion by which the vertical moldplate is actuated, and also that by which the stop or detent for fixing it in position,we may here say that we are making no claim for anything connected with these latter motions.

Although, for the sake of clearness,we have described the machine as we make itviz., with a vertical revolving mold-plate-nevertheless it will be apparent that an arrangement with a horizontal mold-plate might be substi tuted.

We claim as our invention- 1. In a machine for manufacturing or pressing materials into blocks orbriquettes,the combination of the vertical heater and pug-mill and charging-box with the vertical mold-plate D and horizontal pressing-dies acting from opposite sides of the mold-plate simultaneously, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the pug mill and charging-box with the vertical mold-plate D, horizontal charging-ram, and horizontal pressing-dies acting from opposite sides of the moldplate simultaneously, substantially as scribed.

3. The combination of the pug mill and chargingbox with the mold plate, charging ram, operating-rod for the latter, and interposed yielding spring, substantially as de scribed.

4. The combination of the pug mill and chargingbox and mold-plate with the charging-ram, slotted link to which the ram is connected, a driving-shaft, and a crankpin adapted to the link to give a quick-return motion, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the vertical heater and pug-mill and charging-box with a mold plate, charging-ram, slotted link connected to the latter, and a shaft having a crank-pin adapted to the link to give a quick-return motion, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination of the moldplate and opposite dies, ram-levers G G, a compound double-acting pendulum-lever, F, and connecting-rods F F a driving-shaft, and yielding connecting-rod, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the mold-plate and opposite pressing-dies with double-pressing ramlevers G G, a compound double-acting pendulum-lever, F, and connecting-rods F F all substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the mold-plate and opposite pressing-dies with operating-levers, the driving-shaft, and yielding connecting-rod for the levers, all substantially as set forth.

9. A mold-plate for manufacturing or pressing materials into blocks or briquettes, having mold-openings with rounded or equivalent shaped corners, in combination with opposite dies cup-shaped and both entering the moldopenings, all substantially as and for the purpose described. 2o

10. The combination of the yielding charging-ram of a machine for manufacturing blocks or briquettes, and a driving'shaft therefor, with a wheel and a shearing-bolt, L, and connecting-shaft and link.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN ARTHUR YEADON. ROBERT MIDDLETON. 

